Birth: Exodus 6:23; Numbers 26:60; 1 Chronicles 6:3
Death: Joshua 24:33 at Gibeah, in the hill country of Ephraim
Father: Aaron (brother of Moses)
Mother: Elisheba
Brothers: Nadab, Abihu, and Ithamar
Spouse: (un-named daughter of Putiel)
Son: Phinehas
Post-Flood lineage: Abraham > Isaac > Jacob > Levi > Kohath > Amram > Aaron > Eleazar
Ezra also came from the line of Aaron via Eleazar's son Phinehas - Ezra 7:1-5, while there appears to be a grandson also named Eleazar that appears in Ezra 8:33.
Eleazar came from the line of Jacob via Levi who were designated as Israel's priests - 1 Chronicles 6:1-3. Exodus 6:25 states he married and had a son. There were generic mentions of him in Exodus 28:1 and Numbers 3:2, 4.
His grand-father, Moses, gave instructions in Leviticus 10 to Aaron, Eleazar and (his brother) Ithamar on fulfilling their duties as priests.
Since his father, Aaron, was the high priest of the Levites, Eleazar oversaw various activities of the priests as a whole.
Numbers 3:32:
32. The chief leader of the Levites was Eleazar son of Aaron, the priest. He was appointed over those who were responsible for the care of the sanctuary.
Numbers 4:16:
16. "Eleazar son of Aaron, the priest, is to have charge of the oil for the light, the fragrant incense, the regular grain offering and the anointing oil. He is to be in charge of the entire tabernacle and everything in it, including its holy furnishings and articles."
Later, in Numbers 16:37-39 he was directed to hammer the bronze censers (a form of oil lamp) into an overlay for the altar. Numbers 19:3-4 explained his role in an animal sacrifice.
When Aaron died, Eleazar was given his father's garments to symbolize the transfer of responsibility to him in
Numbers 20:25-28.
Deuteronomy 10:6:
6. (The Israelites traveled from the wells of the Jaakanites to Moserah. There Aaron died and was buried, and Eleazar his son succeeded him as priest.
Moses and Eleazar took the 2nd Census of military age males in Moab in Numbers 26, and in Numbers 27 they allocated land to Zelophehad's daughters since he had no sons, then prepared Joshua to assume leadership of the Israelites.
After Moses sent 1,000 men from each tribe against the Midianites, Moses and Eleazar divided the spoils in Numbers 31.
Eleazar also was mentioned in the next chapter in verses
2 and 28 as well as in
Numbers 34:17 when starting to divide the newly acquired land in Canaan while Moses was still alive.
After Moses died, he oversaw land allocation in Canaan in Joshua 14:1:
1. Now these are the areas the Israelites received as an inheritance in the land of Canaan, which Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun and the heads of the tribal clans of Israel allotted to them.
Additional mentions of Eleazar and Joshua dividing the Canaanite land include Joshua 17:4;
19:51; 21:1 and
22:13.
Joshua 24:33:
33. And Eleazar son of Aaron died and was buried at Gibeah, which had been allotted to his son Phinehas in the hill country of Ephraim.
